Kant and Moral Values Essay - 4760 Words

Kant says that moral values are ‘good without qualification.’ This assertion and similar remarks of Plato can be understood in terms of a return to moral data themselves in the following ways: 1. Moral values are objectively good and not relative to our judgments; 2. Moral goodness is intrinsic goodness grounded in the nature of acts and independent of our subjective satisfaction; 3. Moral goodness expresses in an essentially new and higher sense of the idea of value as such; 4. Moral Goodness cannot be abused like intellectual, aesthetic, temperamental and other values; 5. Moral values are good in that they never must be sacrificed for any other value, because they are incomparably higher and should absolutely and ‘first’ be sought for;†¦show more content†¦Intelligence, wit, ..., and any other talents of the mind . . . or courage . . . and constancy of purpose, as qualities of temperament are without doubt good and desirable in many respects; but they can also be extremely bad and hurtful when the will is not good which has to make use of these gifts of nature . . . Power, wealth, honour, even health and that complete well-being and contentment with one’s state which goes by the name of ‘happiness’, produce . . . often over-boldness . . . , unless a good will is present. . . . Moderation in affections and passions, self-control and sober reflection . . . may even seem to constitute part of the inner worth of a person. Yet they are far from being properly described as good without qualification (however unconditionally they have been commended by the ancients). For without the principles of a good will they may become exceedingly bad; and the very coolness of a scoundrel makes him, not merely more dangerous, but also immediately more abominable in our eyes than we should have taken him without it. (2) Kant describes – with some explanationsShow MoreRelatedGrounding For The Metaphysics Of Morals And On Groveling By Immanuel Kant891 Words   |  4 PagesImmanuel Kant discusses the second and third translation pieces in â€Å"Key Selections.† In Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals and On Groveling, Kant explains that humans have an animal-like nature. If Kant was charged with the statement, â€Å"Bottom line, humans are nothing more than insignificant creatures with an animal nature,† he would have a mixed response to the charge. Although Kant may not believe that neither humans or animals are insignificant, he would recognize the relation and similaritiesRead MoreBook Report on Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals by Kant599 Words   |  3 PagesMetaphysic of Morals by Kant Kant states (38,) act as if the maxim of thy action were to become by thy will a universal law of nature. This categorical imperative forms the basis of his book, Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals. Though at times his writing is confusing Kant lays out his logic as to what a categorical imperative is. Kant divides the book into three sections. The first explains the transition from everyday moral beliefs to the philosophy of those morals. TheRead MoreKants Humanity Formula1647 Words   |  7 PagesKant: The Humanity Formula Few formulas in philosophy have been so widely accepted and variously interpreted as Kants injunction to treat humanity as an end in itself(Hill, 38). Immanuel Kants views, as elucidated in his book, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, are based on the belief that people count by prohibiting actions which exploit other individuals in order for self-prosperity or altruistic ends. Ethics then, are confirmed by the dignity and worth of the rational agency ofRead MoreThe Metaphysics of Morals by Immanuel Kant Essay1150 Words   |  5 Pagesof morals in the Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel Kant explores the question of whether a human being is capable of acting solely out of pure duty and if our actions hold true moral value. In passage 407, page 19, Kant proposes that if one were to look at past experiences, one cannot be certain that his or her rationalization for performing an action that conforms with duty could rest solely on moral grounds. In order to fully explain the core principle of moral theory, Kant distinguishesRead MoreKant s Principles Of The Metaphysics Of Morals1719 Words   |  7 PagesFundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals Immanuel Kant offered a reorientation on how the established questions of metaphysics can be resolved. He claimed that man’s mind constructs human experience and that reality must agree with the mind’s notions, in contradiction of the view that the mind is a reflection of reality. His interpretation was that the mind is capable of actively creating experiences instead of passively being shaped by reality. Kant further believed that man possesses an objectiveRead MoreKant on Moral Duty1066 Words   |  4 PagesKant: â€Å"Moral Duty† Kant describes the moral dilemma of telling a lie. Kant applies that the meaning behind the false claim is what determines its morality or whether it shall be accepted. 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Immanuel Kant believed that to live a good life is to lead a life of happiness. This is not saying that people should only live a life that brings them pleasure and satisfaction, as is often argued in Utilitarianism. Rather it is saying that to live a moral life is to live in a state of peace. For Kant, the Summum Bonum (highest good) describes the ideal, where there is both virtue and happiness. In The Fundamental Principles Kant speaks of a very comprehensive moral argument. This isRead MoreA Lie Is Not Moral Or Ethical Value1004 Words   |  5 Pagesnever okay to lie to someone. Lying is disrespectful. I believe, the purpose to a lie is achieving a goal at the expense of another. It holds no moral or ethical value. Human beings are entitled to be respect by others. A philosopher known as Immanuel Kant who established two rules called as categorical imperative under the deontology theory (Kant, 2008). Deontology is the obligation or duty to act (Mosser, 2013). The rules in categorical imperative are one should act in a way that maxims resultingRead MoreKantian Ethics vs. Utilitarianism1714 Words   |  7 Pageswas Immanuel Kant. In his Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant endeavors to establish a system of ethics that has no trace of the empirical nature of utilitarianism. To him, â€Å"the moral worth of an action does not lie in the effect expected fr om it and so too does not lie in any principle of action that needs to borrow its motive from this expected effect† (Groundwork, 56). Rather than determine moral worth based on cause and effect, Kant seeks to establish a supreme moral principle that

Essay on The Ending of The Great Gatsby - 523 Words

The Great Gatsby tells a story of eight people during the summer of 1922 from the observation of Nick Carraway. Its a story about trying to achieve the unattainable, deceit, and tragedy. It takes place around the character Jay Gatz who becomes Jay Gatsby in an attempt to change his persona and attract his long lost love, Daisy. In Nicks telling of the story, Nick and everyone who knew Gatsby, thought he was great. Gatsby threw lavish parties at his beautiful mansion every weekend. He had money, even though no one really seemed to know how he made his money. Gatsby spends years of his life trying to win the heart back of Daisy Buchanan. When they met years ago, he was in the Army and didnt have much money. Daisy came from a wealthy†¦show more content†¦When Daisy tells hims she cannot claim she does not love her husband Tom, it deflates Gatsby. He cant believe it. But Daisy is also deceitful because she does still love Gatsby but wont confess it either. Tom sees something goi ng on, but in an attempt to prove that Gatsby does not threaten him, he lets Gatsby and Daisy drive together from the city back to their homes in West Egg. This drives turns tragic as well when Gatsbys car hits and kills Myrtle, Toms lover and Mr. Wilson girlfriend. There is more deception when Gatsby tells everyone it was himself driving the car when in fact it really was Daisy. Tom tells Mr. Wilson about the accident and Mr. Wilson goes mad, killing Gatsby and then himself. The novel ends two years after these events with Nicks observation of what has become of him during the elapsed time. Nick finally realizes that Gatsby was living in an unreal world where he thought he could posses time and buy back the past. Three people have died because of the lies and deception and with Gatsbys death, no one comes to his funeral except his father and Old Owl Eyes. All of the people who once thought Gatsby was so wonderful are no longer interested. Gatsby is dead and life goes on without him. It is a sad ending in this way to see the lives of so many ruined and to see no one come to Gatsbys funeral. And even after everything, Daisy doesnt even attend the funeral which makesShow MoreRelatedAlternative Ending of The Great Gatsby601 Words   |  2 PagesAlternative ending of The Great Gatsby So naturally Michaelis tried to find out what had happened, but Wilson wouldn’t say a word — instead he began to throw suspicious look at his visitor and ask himself what he’d been doing at certain times on certain days of the week. Just as the latter was getting restless, some workers came past heading to the door for his restaurant, and Michaelis approach the chance to get away, intending to return later. But he never did. He supposed he forgot to, that’sRead MoreThe Film Of The Same Title By F. 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In Recent Years, Euthanasia Has Become A Very Heated Debate. It Is A G Essay Example For Students

In Recent Years, Euthanasia Has Become A Very Heated Debate. It Is A G Essay reek word that means easy death but the controversy surrounding it is just the opposite. Whether the issue is refusing prolonged life mechanically, assisting suicide, or active euthanasia, we eventually confront our socitys fears toward death itself. Above others, our culture breeds fear and dread of aging and dying. It is not easy for most of the western world to see death as an inevitable part of life. However, the issues that surround euthanasia are not only about death, they are about ones liberty, right to privacy and control over his or her own body. So, the question remains: Who has the right?Under current U.S. law, there are clear distinctions between the two types of euthanasia. One group of actions taken to bring about the death of a dying patient -withdrawal of life support, referred to by some as passive euthanasia- has been specifically upheld by the courts as a legal right of a patient to request and a legal act for a doctor to perform. A second group of actions taken t o bring about the death of a dying patient -physician-assisted death, referred to by some as active euthanasia- is specifically prohibited by laws in most states banning mercy killing and is condemned by the American Medical Association. Although it is not a crime to be present when a person takes his or her life, it is a crime to take direct action intentionally designed to help facilitate deathno matter how justifiable and compassionate the circumstances may be.1 With active euthanasia, it is the doctor who administers the lethal drug dose. Since it is tantamount to homicide, the few U.S. doctors who perform it have been brought to trial but none of them have ever been convicted and imprisoned. Modern interest in euthanasia in the United States began in 1870, when a commentator, Samuel Williams, proposed to the Birmingham Speculative Club that euthanasia be permitted in all cases of hopeless and painful illness to bring about a quick and painless death. The word painless is important: the idea of euthanasia began gaining ground in modern times not because of new technologies for agonizingly prolonging life but because of the discovery of new drugs, such as morphine and various anesthetics for the relief of pain, that could also painlessly induce death. Over the next three decades Williamss proposal was reprinted in popular magazines and books, discussed in the pages of prominent literary and political journals, and debated at the meetings of American medical societies and nonmedical professional associations. The debate culminated in 1906, after the Ohio legislature took up An Act Concerning Administration of Drugs etc. to Mortally Injured and Diseased Persons, which was a bill to legalize euthanasia. After being debated for months, the Ohio legislature overwhelmingly rejected the bill, effectively ending that chapter of the euthanasia debate. 2Euthanasia reemerged in the 1970s, when in 1976 California was the first state to legalize a patients right to refuse life-prolonged treatment. The Legislature passed the Natural Death Act, which allows for living wills, an advance directive to a doctor requesting the withholding or withdrawing of life sustaining treatment.3 Today, all states have some form of living will legislation. In addition, the individual who wishes to have such a will, may also designate a family member or friend as a proxy to make the decisions for him or her, should he or she be unable to make the decisions himself or herself. Some states also require the individual to sign a power of attorney to do so.4In 1976, the New Jersey Supreme Court decided the parents of Karen Ann Quinlan won the right to remove her from a ventilator because she was in a persistent vegetative state. The justices unanimously ruled that this act was necessary to respect Quinlans right to privacy.5 Some medical ethicists warned then that the ruling was the beginning of a trendthe slippery slopewhich could lead to decisions to end a persons life being made by third parties not only on the basis of medical condition but also on such considerations as age, economic status, or even ethnicity.6In 1990, the Supreme Court case, Cruzan v. Missouri, recognized the principle that a person has a constitutionally protected right to refuse unwanted medical treatment. In 1983, Nancy Beth Cruzan lapsed into an irreversible coma from an auto accident. Before the accident, she had said several times that if she were faced with life as a vegetable, she would not want to live. Her parents went to court in 1987 to force the hospital to remove the tube by which she was being given nutrition and water. The Missouri Supreme Court refused to allow the life suppor t to be withdrawn, saying there was no clear and convincing evidence Nancy Cruzan wanted that done. The U.S. Supreme Court agreed, but it also held that a person whose wishes were clearly known had a constitutional right to refuse life-sustaining medical treatment. After further proof and witness testimony, a probate court judge in Jasper County, Mo., ruled Dec. 14, 1990, that Cruzans parents had the right to remove their daughters feeding tube, which they immediately proceeded to do. Nancy Cruzan died Dec. 26, 1990.7The Cruzan decision sparked a fresh interest in living wills and in 1990 Congress passed the Patient Self-Determination Act. It requires health care facilities that receive Medicare or Medicaid funds (95 percent of such centers) to inform new patients about their legal right to write a living will or choose a proxy to represent their wishes about medical treatment, and what kind of measures will be taken automatically for patients as institutional policy. Where state la w permits, these institutions must honor living wills or the appointment of a health care proxy.8On March 6, 1996, for the first time in U.S. history, in the case Washington v. Glucksberg, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th circuit in San Francisco overturned a Washington State law that made assisted suicide a felony. The existing ban on assisted suicide was successfully challenged under the equal protection clause of the Constitutions Fourteenth Amendment. The court noted that, under present law, a dying patient on life support may legally have it removed to facilitate death while another dying patient, not on life support but suffering under equivalent circumstances and equally close to death, has no means by which to end his or her lives. The court, ruled that, bans on assisted suicide constitute a violation of the second patients equal protection rights under the Fourteenth Amendment.9In his majority opinion, appellate Judge Stephen Reinhardt of Los Angeles wrote: If broad ge neral state policies can be used to deprive a terminally ill individual of the right to make that choice, it is hard toenvision where the exercise of arbitrary and intrusive power by the state can be halted.10Reinhardts analysis relies heavily on language drawn from U.S. Supreme Court abortion case, Roe v. Wade, because the issues have compelling similarities, he wrote. Like the decision of whether or not to have an abortion, the decision how and when to die is one of the most intimate and personal choices a person may make in a lifetime, a choice central to personal dignity and autonomy.11On April 2, 1996, in the case of Vacco v. Quill, the U.S. Appeals Court for the Second Circuit in New York struck down that states law making it illegal for doctors to help terminally ill people end their own lives. But whereas the Ninth Circuit decision was based on the Fourteenth Amendment and privacy issues, the Second Circuit ruling in April invoked an equal protection argument that people suf fering terminal illnesses should have the same right as those, such as Quinlan, who are in a coma and have the law on their side in the decision to halt life-sustaining nourishment or treatment. Physicians do not fulfill the role of `killer by prescribing drugs to hasten death, wrote Second Circuit Judge Roger J. Miner, any more than they do by disconnecting life-support systems.12In 1997, both Washington v. Glucksberg and Vacco v. Quill went before the Supreme Court. The Court took a look at the cases and backed away from the slippery slope by their unanimous decision to uphold state laws in Washington and New York, banning doctor assisted suicide. Chief Justice William Rehnquist wrote, Throughout the nation, Americans are engaged in an earnest and profound debate about the morality, legality and practicality of physician-assisted suicide. Our holding permits this debate to continue, as it should in a democratic society.13 However, the Court left open the possibility that such bans might be invalid when applied to individual cases involving great suffering at the end of a terminal illness.14In 1994 a limited right to die measure squeaked through in Oregon. The Oregon law allowed doctors to prescribe, but not administer, a deadly dose of medication to terminally ill patients, defined as those diagnosed as having less than six months to live. By the Court kicking back the decision to the states in June, the Supreme Court then refused to hear the challenge on that physician assisted suicide law on October 14, 1997. Doctors in Oregon are now permitted to prescribe life-ending medication to anyone who is mentally competent and diagnosed with less than six months to live. But the patient may only take a lethal dose after completing a 15-day waiting period. The law does not specify what medication may be used. Under the approved Oregon law, patients may request doctor assisted suicide if: 1) They are mentally competent. 2) They are diagnosed as having less than six months to live. 3) They request a lethal prescription from a doctor today, and wait the required 15 days. After the waiting period, during which patients can rescind their request at any time, they are free to take the drugs. Oregon Board of Medical Examiners will oversee physician compliance with the law,patients or families with concerns can contact the board,and a 25-member task force of health and ethics experts will decide some of the policy questions that will guide the states oversight of the new law. Several experts expect there will be further guidelines to carry out this new policy.15Sooner or later, discussions about euthanasia and assisted suicide in the United States turn to the situation in the Netherlands. Although euthanasia still is a criminal offense there, punishable by up to 12 years in prison, it is increasingly tolerated in practice. Dutch physicians who put hopelessly ill patients to death after being asked to do so are not prosecuted if they follow certain gu idelines formulated by the courts.16In a series of Dutch court cases decided between 1973 and 1984, two conditions were deemed essential for legitimizing euthanasia. First, the patient must make the request at his own initiative, repeatedly and explicitly expressing his wish to die. Second, the patient must be suffering from severe physical or mental pain, with no prospect of recovery. Since 1984, Dutch courts have added a third conditionthat a physician intending to perform euthanasia first consult a colleague to confirm the accuracy of the diagnosis, verify the planned means of bringing about death and ascertain that all legal requirements are being met. Some court cases have also cited as requirements the presence of an incurable disease or a demand that death by euthanasia not inflict unnecessary suffering on others.17Typically, a Dutch euthanasia patient is first given a shot of barbiturates, which causes unconsciousness within three to five seconds. A follow-up shot of curare produces death in 10 to 20 minutes by paralyzing the respiratory system. A Dutch doctor who performs euthanasia is not permitted to attribute death to natural causes on the death certificate. Rather, he or the coroner must inform the police that a medically aided death has occurred. The police, in turn, report to the district attorney, who decides whether to prosecute.18Recently, Dr. Jack Kevorkian killed a man suffering from Lou Gehrigs disease and gave the videotape to 60 Minutes. Thomas Youk, 52, was killed by lethal injection of potassium chloride at the hands of Dr. Kevorkian. The ex-pathologist has claimed to have taken part in over 130 assisted deaths, but this time Dr. Kevorkian taken his work to a new level: he had injected the poisons himself, rather than rigging up his homemade suicide machine so the patient could kill himself. Football and Personal Development Essay1979- Jo Roman, a New York artist dying of cancer, makes a videotape, telling her friends and family she intends to end her life. She later commits suicide with an overdose of sleeping pills. 1985- Betty Rollin publishes Last Wish, the story of her mothers battle with ovarian cancer. The book reveals that Ida Rollin killed herself with a sedative overdose. 1990- Dr. Jack Kevorkian performs his first assisted suicide, using a homemade machine, to end the life of Alzheimers patient Janet Adkins. Meanwhile, after protracted legal wrangling, the parents of Nancy Cruzan, who has been in a coma for seven years, are allowed to remove her feeding tube. Friends and co-workers testify in court that she would not have wanted to live. 1991- Hemlock Society founder Derek Humphry first publishes Final Exit. The controversial suicide how-to book later becomes a national best seller. 1994- Voters in Oregon pass a referendum making it the only state in the country that allows doctors to prescribe life-ending drugs for terminally ill patients. The hotly contested law was not put into effect until last year. 1995- George Delury publishes But What If She Wants to Die? a diary chronicling his wifes long battle with multiple sclerosis. The book describes the couples agonizing decision to end her life with a drug overdose. Delury served four months in prison for attempted manslaughter for his role in her death. 1997- In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court rules that the Constitution does not guarantee the right to commit suicide with the help of a physician. The decision upholds laws in New York and Washington state making it illegal for doctors to give lethal drugs to dying patients. 1998- In November, Michigan voters defeat a measure that would have made physician-assisted suicide legal. Michigan Poll On Dr. Kevorkian and Euthanasia221. After watching that segment which showed Jack Kevorkian administering a lethal injection of drugs, do you think it was appropriate or not appropriate for 60 Minutes to show that scene on television?56%Appropriate35% Not appropriate10% Undecided/Dont know/Refused2. Did the experience of watching Dr. Jack Kevorkian cause a mans death influence your opinion about assisted suicide, or would you say that your opinion about assisted suicide was not influenced at all by the 60 Minutes program?11%Influenced opinion about assisted suicide84%DID NOT influence opinion about assisted suicide5%Undecided/Dont know3. Did the experience of watching tonights 60 minute segment on Jack Kevorkian influence you to be more supportive of assisted suicide or more opposed to assisted suicide?6%Much more supportive of assisted suicide31%Somewhat more supportive of assisted suicide13%Somewhat more opposed to assisted suicide38%Much more opposed to assisted suic ide12%Undecided/Dont know4. Generally speaking, do you favor or oppose laws that would allow physician assisted suicide for terminally ill people who are in a sound state of mind?31%Strongly favor14%Somewhat favor10%Somewhat oppose40%Strongly oppose5%Undecided/Dont know5. Dr. Kevorkian has invited law enforcement authorities to arrest him and charge him with a crime for his actions in the death shown on television. What do you think? Should Dr. Jack Kevorkian be arrested and charged with a crime for his actions, or do you think authorities should do nothing?50%Kevorkian should be arrested and charged34%Authorities should do nothing16%Undecided/Dont know6. If Dr. Kevorkian is arrested for his involvement in the death of the man shown on 60 Minutes, for what crime do you think he should be chargedviolating Michigans new law banning assisted suicide, for committing a more serious crime, such as murder, or for committing a different crime?30%Violating law banning assisted suicide45%More serious crime such as murder16%Something else9%Undecided/Dont know7. If he was charged with violating Michigans new law banning physician assisted suicide instead of murder, based on what you saw on television tonight, would you find Dr. Jack Kevorkian guilty or not guilty of that crime?62%Guilty of assisting a suicide26%Not guilty of assisting a suicide12%Undecided/Dont know8. Dr. Jack Kevorkian has publicly stated that he is trying to force the issue of assisted suicide and euthanasia by his actions, and, if necessary, he will starve himself in prison to become a martyr for his beliefs. Do you believe that Dr. Kevorkian is doing what must be done for the cause of assisted suicide, do you think he has gone too far and is hurting his cause, or, do you think he should do even more to force changes in assisted suicide laws?28%Doing what must be done55%Has gone too far and is hurting his cause8%Should do even more to force changes9%Undecided/Dont know9. In the recent November 3rd ele ction, did you vote YES in favor of Proposal B, the assisted suicide proposal, did you vote NO to oppose it, did you vote in the election but skip that proposal, or were you unable to vote at all on November 3rd?24%Yes56%No5%Did not vote on that proposal11%Did not vote in the election2%Cant remember2%Refused. BibliographyWorks Cited1. Dority, Barbara. The Ultimate Civil Liberty. Humanist. July/August 1997. p. 17. 2. Emanuel, Ezekiel. Whos Right to Die?. Atlantic Monthly. March 1997. p. 75. 3. Henry, Sarah. The Battle over Assisted Suicide: A Time to Die. California Lawyer. January 1996. p. 1. 4. Ubell, Earl. Should Death Be a Patients Choice?. Parade. February 9, 1992. p. 25. 5. Birenbaum, Arnold. The Right to Die in America. USA Today. January 1992 p. 28. 6. Hallock, Steve. Physician-Assisted Suicide:Slippery Slope or Civil Right? Humanist. July/August. 1996. p. 9. 7. Worshop, Richard L. Assisted Suicide. Congressional Quarterly Researcher. February 21, 1992. p. 153. 8. Martinez, Elizabeth. Going Gentle into That Good Night: Is a Rightful Death a Feminist Ideal? Ms. July/August. 1993. p. 67. 9. Dority, Barbara. p. 18. 10. Weinstein, Henry. Assisted Deaths Ruled Legal: 9th Circuit Lifts Ban on Doctor- Aided Suicide. Los Angeles Times. March 7, 1996. p. A1. 11. Hallock, Steve. p. 12-13. 12. Hallock, Steve. p. 13. 13. Beck, Joan. Backing Away from a Very Slippery Slope. Chicago Tribune. June 30, 1997. p. A1. 14. Johnson, Tim. Legal Eythanasia Unsettles Colombia. Miami Herald. June 30, 1997. p. 7A15. Maier, Thomas. Death By Choice. Newsday. November 6, 1997. p. A5. 16. Emanuel, Ezekiel. p. 73. 17. Worsnop, Richard L. p. 59. 18. Worsnop, Richard L. p. 59. 19. Bai, Matt. Death Wish. Newsweek. December 7, 1998. p. 31. 20. Bai, Matt. p. 33. 21. Frehm, Ron. Newsweek. December 7, 1998. p. 32-33. 22. Detroit Free Press poll of 300 Michigan residents conducted November 22, 1998 by Epic/MRA, of Lansing

Midnights Summer Dream free essay sample

Literary devices are used many times in many situations; it may be in a play, poem, writing, movie, or even picture. They are used to enrich and enhance the readers/audience understanding, providing a voice giving depth, emotion, and making language interesting. Uniquely, literary devices are methods employed to help the author get his or her point across. Literary devices depart from everyday literal language for the sake of comparison, emphasis, clarity, or freshness. Metaphor  and  simile  are the two most commonly used figures of speech, but devices like  hyperbole,  synecdoche,  puns, and personification  are also figures of speech. Though devices are frequently used in language, they are also conveyed through the use of music, dance, or movement. This helps one become more engaged and drawn to the performance. In the play ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’, many literary devices are used; critical through the art and literature. One of the literary devices used in ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ is personification. We will write a custom essay sample on Midnights Summer Dream or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Personification is used to express abstract ideas concretely, giving human qualities to inanimate objects or ideas. Qualities include emotions, desires, sensations, speech, or gesture. Shakespeare plays with language so often and so variously that throughout the play personification is commonly heard. Personification in use helps the audience understand the phrase with different meanings, being able to compare two different objects or ideas helping the audience connect more effectively. One of the objects being personified is the moon. During the play, the moon is consistently being viewed differently. It is often characterized through feelings, human feelings. The characters emphasize their unhappiness with the moon, which gives the audience direct relationship with them, therefore connecting the moon with feelings, thoughts, and ideas. Personification is a great way to connect two unrelated objects/ideas into one. Additionally, the play is particularly interesting in the way it varies the usual use of puns. A pun is a play on words, usually for comic effect, having different meanings. During the play puns are found only occasionally, they are used complexly. The use of puns offers the playwright the opportunity to have fun with language. They are a good way to draw the audience to the performance by humor, uniquely and eloquent. An example is Demetrius, in the play Demetrius is making fun of an actor who is playing a wall and has just finished giving an absurd speech. Another character that uses puns is Bottom, in the effect of laughter. Shakespeare found nothing strange in characters using puns, even in serious situations for serious dramatic purposes. Finally there is soliloquy. A soliloquy is a literary term, a speech given by someone alone on stage talking to him/herself. This allows the character to reveal true inner thoughts and feelings. It can give insights into plots, plans the character is making, or ideas he/she has. By allowing the audience to hear inner thoughts of the character, it draws the audience inside his/her mind creating a strong bond and connection between him and the listeners. Mostly all character in ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ give a soliloquy, Lysander, Hermia, and Demetrius announcing their love, Helena exposing her distraught, fear, and love towards Demetrius, and lastly Oberon scheming his plans and thoughts. Soliloquies are crucial in plays, they play a significant role because they reveal important aspects about the characters such as upcoming plans, fears and emotions. Literary devices overall are an exceptional use of language, they are critical in art and literature. They add creativity to language and a unique style to performances. The use of figurative language with literary devices helps the audience become more engaged to the performance and will leave unforgettable thoughts. Many literary devices are used in everyday dialogue and people may not even know it, for example puns, oxymorons, allusions, foreshadowing, and hyperboles. Either conveyed through the use of music, dance, or movement literary devices are necessary, and in ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ literary devices are well used leaving the audience intrigued.

Free Essays on Eva

Situational Analysis and Key Facts Mr. John Duckworth is the president and controlling shareholder of Duckworth Industries. In 1992 he decided that a change was needed in Duckworth’s management incentive program. The new plan would benefit both shareholders and managers and would also keep Duckworth at the forefront of incentive programs. He is a deep believer in incentives to motivate employees. In 1950’s he took over a plant that had an operating loss of $2.7 million a year and implemented what was at the time a â€Å"state of the art† incentives program. When he started his own business in 1971 sales grew from $400,000 to nearly $125 million by 1992. He has since acquired many other companies and now has 775 employees. Mr. Duckworth has six different incentive programs. These programs not only benefit upper level management, but also plant level employees with the attendance bonus. The idea of pay for performance is a key in the Duckworth family. One senior executive said that â€Å"we put incentives, within reason, behind everything we can.† To compliment the attendance bonus there is also a quality incentive for plant and shift supervisory levels, while all employees benefit from the profit-sharing plan. Employees receive separate checks for incentives so they can see every month how performance benefits them. The senior management team had other incentives above and beyond the incentives of all the other employees. Senior managers had an annual incentive compensation program and a long-term incentive program. Both of these plans took on dramatic changes from 1983-1992. Before 1990, the annual incentive program provided managers a bonus of up to 50% if they if certain target levels of performance were reached. These measures included things such as cash flow, sales growth, inventory turns, etc. In 1990, however, Duckworth decided to base the incentives on sales growth and profitability rather that annual targets. The i... Free Essays on Eva Free Essays on Eva Situational Analysis and Key Facts Mr. John Duckworth is the president and controlling shareholder of Duckworth Industries. In 1992 he decided that a change was needed in Duckworth’s management incentive program. The new plan would benefit both shareholders and managers and would also keep Duckworth at the forefront of incentive programs. He is a deep believer in incentives to motivate employees. In 1950’s he took over a plant that had an operating loss of $2.7 million a year and implemented what was at the time a â€Å"state of the art† incentives program. When he started his own business in 1971 sales grew from $400,000 to nearly $125 million by 1992. He has since acquired many other companies and now has 775 employees. Mr. Duckworth has six different incentive programs. These programs not only benefit upper level management, but also plant level employees with the attendance bonus. The idea of pay for performance is a key in the Duckworth family. One senior executive said that â€Å"we put incentives, within reason, behind everything we can.† To compliment the attendance bonus there is also a quality incentive for plant and shift supervisory levels, while all employees benefit from the profit-sharing plan. Employees receive separate checks for incentives so they can see every month how performance benefits them. The senior management team had other incentives above and beyond the incentives of all the other employees. Senior managers had an annual incentive compensation program and a long-term incentive program. Both of these plans took on dramatic changes from 1983-1992. Before 1990, the annual incentive program provided managers a bonus of up to 50% if they if certain target levels of performance were reached. These measures included things such as cash flow, sales growth, inventory turns, etc. In 1990, however, Duckworth decided to base the incentives on sales growth and profitability rather that annual targets. The i...

Organizational Values Essay Essays

Organizational Values Essay Essays Organizational Values Essay Essay Organizational Values Essay Essay Organizational Values Essay In nursing, engagement suggests that the nurse is physically, mentally, and emotionally engaged in their work. The nurse will have a sense of ownership, loyalty, and dedication to create a safe environment for patients and an effective and efficient working environment. Engagement is a key, critical part of patient safety and quality of care. In an article called, â€Å"The Culture of Nursing Engagement† written by Dr. Fasoli, he says that work engagement is important to organizational efforts to retain nurses and mitigate future nursing shortages. Detractors for a nurse to maintain this fixed focus on positive patient outcomes relates directly to disengagement with their leadership and having a solid understanding of the principles that guide their facility. Clinical leadership is instrumental in helping nurses maintain engagement with their patients by informing staff on changes to guidelines and protocols and keeping them up-to-date or changes that affect the flow of the unit. They also ensure nurses are given allotted time to catch up on proficiency requirements and tasks that can impact their job performance. When clinical leaders are effective in performing this function, they allow the nurses to focus their much-needed time and energy on their patients. This in turn helps facilitate satisfaction in the work place, which directly contributes to positive patient outcomes. Advancing nurse satisfaction and patient outcomes requires effective communications. In nearly every care setting, effective communication is necessary. Clinicians need to regularly communicate in a professional and practical way that is respectful and attuned to individual differences. They also must ensure that the right information is exchanged to the next caregiver or health care provider so that the safety and quality of care is not compromised. As a nurse with less than one year of experience, establishing satisfaction within my facility is critical. It not only drives my opinion of the workplace but it also shapes my perception of the nursing career field as a whole. Being one of two RN’s in my clinic, I think I have established a great working relationship with my fellow nurse and with the clinical supervisor. We communicate daily through several mediums about clinical requirements, schedule changes or immediate patient requirements. This has expanded my knowledge and helped me learn how to function confidently within my work center and even take on various responsibilities within the facility. I see my clinical supervisor daily and she is very diligent with providing updates on any changes or requirements. She has given me feedback on my work performance and provided assistance with training me on areas that required proficiency. When I asked for personal time off it was granted without any hassle or judgment. This eased my feelings on taking time off and increased my contentment for her as my supervisor and has encouraged me to work harder and strive to be more productive in the office. If organizations can focus on a culture of engagement with their nurses, clinicians and supervisors, they can establish a wealth of future leaders, and reduce the number of managerial vacancies in their organizations. Additionally, when organizations invest in nurse manager who utilize engagement practices they have the potential to see increased staff satisfaction through this process and promote retention, which helps continue the cycle in the development of nursing leaders. From my experience I believe this is important and a vital component to nursing satisfaction. I can say with certainty I am encouraged to continue to work hard and provide solid patient care because my supervisor and fellow co-workers are supporting my ability to stay engaged with my patients through teamwork and effective communication. Resources Provision of Care, Treatment, and Services (CAMCAH / Critical Access Hospitals), 2004 retrieved on October 9, 2011 from jointcommission. org/standards_information/jcfaqdetails. aspx? StandardsFAQ Id=290StandardsFAQChapterId=29 Fasoli, DiJon R. PHD, RN. 2010 Lippincott. The Culture of Nursing Engagement: A Historical Perspective. Nursing Administration Quarterly: January/March 2010 Volume 34 Issue 1 p 18–29 doi: 10. 1097/NAQ. 0b013e3181c95e7a. Retrieved December 4, 2011 from

D.P Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

D.P - Essay Example From the very outset, identity is established as a prominent theme. In this way, the story’s setting is a German World War II orphanage. This is a significant setting as it allows Vonnegut to explore the lives of individuals with conflicting identities, most prominently Joe. Vonnegut writes, â€Å"The village carpenter†¦always came out of his shop to†¦speculate, with idlers his shop attracted, the nationalities of the passing kid’s parents† and â€Å"See the little French girl†¦look at the flash of those eyes† (Vonnegut 132). In this way the setting is highly unique. While it is a German orphanage, it is contained in a zone of American occupation. Additionally, the children contained in the orphanage have traits of differing nationalities, such as skin color, accents, or unique hair, however many of them speak German. In this context, Vonnegut greatly complicates traditional notions of identity, as the children in this orphanage exhibit conf licting backgrounds. There is the further consideration of the time of the story occurring in World War II. As such, the atrocities of war can be viewed as creating an existential crisis that demands traditional boundaries of identity be reimagined. The themes of belonging and place are further advanced in Vonnegut’s characterization of Joe. ... Clearly, Joe embodies a highly conflicted identity. While he has been given a notably German name – Karl Heinz – his skin color places him at odds with typical German culture. Additionally, Joe’s position as an outsider has led to his being imbued with a characteristic black American name – Joe Louis. Ultimately, in this characterization Vonnegut is deconstructing notions of identity and forcing the reader and Joe alike to consider exactly what constitutes a ‘self’. The themes of place and belonging are prominently implemented in terms of Joe’s own questioning of his background. While Joe is told by the nuns that his parental lineage is unknown, his suspicions are aroused when a boy Peter tells him that his mother was German and his father was American; notably, this multi-ethnic lineage – American and German – further complicates Joe’s identity. In terms of the theme of place, Joe begins to question the very nature of America and being an American. Vonnegut clarifies, â€Å"’What is an American?’ Joe said. ‘It is a person from another country.’ ‘Near here?’ ‘There are some near here, but their homes are far, far away – across a great deal of water.’ ‘Like the river?’ ‘More water than that Joe. More water than you could ever see† (Vonnegut 133). This dialogue allows Vonnegut the opportunity to construct a meditation on the notion of place. While Joe asks a simple question, one recognizes the nun’s difficulty in providing an objective answer; rather, the nun must resort to a location, rather than an intrinsic form of being ‘American’. Again there is the consideration of the story’s context being World War II. This war featured the deaths of millions of people based largely